Which outcome is most associated with limited health literacy?

• A. Increased emergency department visits.
• B. Increased medication errors.
• C. Decreased hospital stays.
• D. Improved adherence.

Answer: (B)

Limited health literacy makes it harder to read labels, understand dosing instructions, and follow treatment plans. When dosing is unclear or instructions are misinterpreted, the risk of medication errors rises. Those errors can lead to adverse drug events or ineffective therapy, often prompting urgent care visits or hospital admissions. Among the options, the direct link between mismanaging medications and safety concerns is the strongest, making increased medication errors the best answer. While limited health literacy can also contribute to more ED visits and higher utilization overall, the core issue lies in the medication-management errors that arise from not fully understanding how to take the medications. Decreased hospital stays and improved adherence would not align with the typical effects of limited health literacy.